基于 express，搭建 react 的开发环境

1. 项目地址

代码仓库

2. 环境搭建

2.1 安装 webpack

npm i webpack webpack-cli webpack-dev-middleware webpack-hot-middleware -D

webpack-dev-middleware: 用于监听文件变化，编译进内存供服务器使用

webpack-hot-middleware: 连接浏览器与webpack，实现浏览器的热更新

2.2 安装 babel

npm i @babel/core babel-loader @babel/preset-env @babel/preset-react -D

2.2.1 相关依赖解释

babel-loader: babel的webpack加载器 babel-preset-env: 将 ES6 转为 ES5 babel-preset-react: 用于转换 react jsx 语法

2.2.2 配置 .babelrc

{
    "presets": ["@babel/preset-env","@babel/preset-react"]
}

presets是逆序的，意味着会先编译 react 再编译 es6

2.3 React

npm i react react-dom -D

2.4 Standard 代码格式化

npm i standard -D

2.4.1 配合vscode

在 vscode 安装 standard 插件，配置 Standard : Auto Fix On Save,重启 vscode 生效.

2.4.2 设置 script 脚本

"lint":"standard \"./app/**/*.js\"",
"fix":"standard \"./app/**/*.js\" --fix"

其中 ** 表示递归

2.5 express

npm i express

2.6 支持 css,less

npm i style-loader css-loader less less-loader -D

2.7 热加载

2.7.1 webpack.config.js

const webpack = require('webpack')

...

entry: {
  app: ['./app/views/index.js', 'webpack-hot-middleware/client?path=/__webpack_hmr&reload=true']
},

...

plugins: [
  new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin()
]

2.7.2 server.js

const webpackDevMiddleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware')
const webpackHotMiddleware = require('webpack-hot-middleware')
const config = require('../webpack.config')

...

app.use(webpackDevMiddleware(compiler, {
  publicPath: config.output.publicPath,
  hot: true
}))

// Add hot middleware support, Check [HMR] connected in console
app.use(webpackHotMiddleware(compiler, {
  log: console.log,
  path: '/__webpack_hmr'
}))

2.8 使用 antd

npm i antd -D

2.8.1 支持按需加载

npm i babel-plugin-import -D

• 配置 .babelrc

"plugins": [
    [
        "import", {
            "libraryName": "antd",
            "style": true
        }
    ]
]

• 配置 webpack.config.js

{
    test: /\.(less|css)$/,
    use: [
        { loader: 'style-loader' },
        { loader: 'css-loader' },
        { loader: 'less-loader', options: { javascriptEnabled: true } }
    ]
}